Psychological Aggression, Attitudes About Violence, Violent Socialization, and Dominance in Dating Relationships.

Psychological aggression is a widespread form of abuse in dating relationships, especially in collectivist societies with ties to patriarchal beliefs. Despite the prevalence of psychological aggression, it has seldom been studied in connection with known antecedents of interpersonal violence, including dominance, attitudes supportive of violence, and violence socialization processes during childhood. The present study sought to test relationships among these variables in young men and women. A total of 500 Mexican undergraduate students in northern Mexico reported on their experiences with psychological aggression, the dominance of a dating partner, and violent socialization during childhood, as well as on their approval of violence within and outside the family. The results indicate that the dominance of a dating partner is directly linked to male and female intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration. Violent socialization and proviolent attitudes appear to be related to female dominance. Female and male psychological aggression victimization was predicted by the participant's own perpetration. In general, a dyadic approach appears to be useful for explaining psychological aggression perpetration and victimization in a collectivist society, in light of recent changes in normative beliefs held by young educated Mexicans. Implications for future research and public policy are discussed.

[Prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence among elderly Mexican women]. / Prevalencia y factores asociados con la violencia de pareja en las adultas mayores mexicanas.

Using information from the National Survey on Household Relationship Dynamics (Encuesta Nacional de la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares 2016), this study examines the prevalence and factors associated with emotional, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among a representative sample of elderly Mexican women (n=7,410), using an ecological approach. Prevalence rates and related risk factors for IPV among younger women served as a basis for comparison and were contrasted with data from elderly female participants. Results show that 16.3% of women aged 64 and over had experienced some form of intimate partner violence during the previous year, with emotional violence as the most commonly occurring form. Furthermore, there was a significantly lower prevalence of emotional and sexual IPV among elderly women than among younger women. Some risk factors for IPV victimization were similar across both groups of women, mainly individuals' personal histories and immediate social context. On the other hand, differences were found regarding factors related to the broader social context. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed, specifically with regards to their usefulness in violence prevention and response programs.

Con base en la información de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Dinámica de las Relaciones en los Hogares 2016 (ENDIREH) y desde un marco ecológico, el presente estudio busca conocer la prevalencia y los factores asociados de la violencia emocional, física y sexual de pareja durante el último año en las mujeres mexicanas mayores de 64 años (n=7.410). Para tener un marco de comparación, se contrastaron los resultados de mujeres de la tercera edad con los de grupos de mujeres más jóvenes. Los resultados muestran que el 16,3% de las mujeres mayores de 64 años han experimentado algún tipo de violencia de pareja durante el último año, siendo el maltrato emocional el más frecuente. Además, dicho grupo de mujeres experimentó la prevalencia más baja de violencia emocional y sexual, comparados con las mujeres más jóvenes. Por otra parte, algunos de los factores asociados con la violencia fueron similares en las adultas mayores y los grupos de mujeres más jóvenes, principalmente, los relacionados con la historia personal y el entorno inmediato. Por el contrario, los factores del entorno social más amplio fueron distintos. Los hallazgos se discuten teóricamente y en virtud de su utilidad para los programas de atención a la violencia.